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type="text/css"></style> <div id="ct" class="ct2 wp cl"> <div class="mn"> <div class="bm_haa cl"> <div class="bm_h cl"> <a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=rss&catid=57" class="y xi2 rss" target="_blank" title="RSS">订阅</a><h1 class="xs2">文章</h1> </div></div> <div class="kjkjb"> <div class="bm vw" style="margin-bottom:0;"> <div class="h hm"> <div class="zxtoux"><img src="http://www.oecr.com/uc_server/avatar.php?uid=2&size=small" /></div> <h1 class="ph">即将导入的LTE，让人苦恼的“频率问题” </h1> <p class="xg1"> 时间：2010-7-24 01:42<a class="zz" href="home.php?mod=space&uid=2">作者：zfw</a> 阅读<em id="_viewnum">(1424)</em> 评论: 0</p> <div class="zxfb" ><a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=rss&catid=57" class="y xi2 rss" target="_blank" title="RSS">订阅</a></div> </div> <!--[diy=diysummarytop]--><div id="diysummarytop" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <div class="s"> <div class="ss"><div><span>导读： </span>新一代移动通信规格“LTE”的最大下行速度高达75Mbit/秒。LTE服务将从2010年底开始在日本国内启动。NTT DoCoMo预定从2010年12月开始启动基于LTE的数据通信服务。最初将上市面向笔记本电脑等的数据卡型终端，之后将在 ...</div> </div> <!--[diy=diysummarybottom]--><div id="diysummarybottom" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <div class="d"> <!--[diy=diycontenttop]--><div id="diycontenttop" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="vwtb"><tr><td id="article_content">NTT DoCoMo代表董事社长山田隆持称，“数据卡终端将在2010年底开始上市。手机型终端将在2011年推出”。 <BR><BR>新一代移动<a href="http://ofc.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">通信</a>规格“LTE”的最大下行速度高达75Mbit/秒。LTE服务将从2010年底开始在日本国内启动。NTT DoCoMo预定从2010年12月开始启动基于LTE的数据通信服务。最初将上市面向笔记本电脑等的数据卡型终端，之后将在2011年推出支持LTE的语音终端。 <BR><BR>目前关于数据卡终端和便携终端的RF<a href="http://electronic.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">电路</a>方面，终端和部件厂商之间面临一个问题。这就是“LTE中使用的频率”问题。 <BR><BR>存在多种频率 <BR><BR>LTE中使用的频带有多种，因国家和运营商而异，因此在讨论“创建符合哪种频带的终端和平台”这个问题时出现了分歧。例如，日本国内的LTE分为NTT DoCoMo的“2GHz频带”和“1.5GHz频带”、KDDI预定从2012年开始使用的“新800MHz频带”和“1.5GHz频带”、以及e-Mobile的“1.7GHz频带”等。此外，计划从2010年底开始在美国启动LTE服务的韦里孙（Verizon）公司，预定使用“700MHz频带”。而在欧洲，除了“2GHz频带”和“900MHz频带”外，还将利用“2.5GHz频带”。另外，中国TD-LTE专用频带以及“3.5GHz频带”的话题也时常被提及。 <BR><BR>要想支持这么多地区的LTE服务，就需要支持700MHz～2.6GHz等9种以上的频带。在GSM中4个频带就可以覆盖全球，在W-CDMA中4～5个频带就可以覆盖全球，而要想制造出“覆盖全球的LTE终端”，频率就要大幅增加，RF电路会变得很复杂。某<a href="http://sensor.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">半导体</a>厂商的技术人员表示，“对于最终会采用到哪个频率段，舍弃哪个频率？目前正在做最后的讨论”。 <BR><BR>使用的频带出现增加时的课题是：RF电路变得复杂，容易导致封装面积增大和成本增加。支持的频带越多，功率放大器、滤波器以及收发分波器（双工器）等RF前端部件的所需个数就越多。在进行频率转换等的RF收发器IC中，得益于<a href="http://optics.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">工艺</a>微细化，可以嵌入多路径收发电路。但是，在从天线到RF收发器IC之间的前端部分中，分立器件较多，功能集约难以推进。LTE需要导入MIMO技术，因此出现了前端部分逐渐变得复杂的趋势。 <BR><BR>由于上述因素，数据卡厂商和终端厂商不久将会利用符合各发送地规定的“地区限定LTE电路”。即以可覆盖全球的GSM和W-CDMA的收发电路为基础，作为插件嵌入符合各发送地规定的LTE收发电路。例如，可能会进行频率的分拣，向NTT DoCoMo提供的终端最初嵌入了2GHz和1.5GHz的收发功能，但不采用面向美国的700MHz和面向欧洲的2.6GHz等。 <BR><BR>不过，根据这些地区和运营商的要求准备定制终端，对于终端平台厂商来说，在成本上会造成不利影响。在2010年～2012年前后的LTE导入初期阶段，可能还会允许生产这种终端，但在2013年～2015年前后的LTE普及阶段，会严格要求降低终端成本，因此需要“全球平台”。某日本高频部件厂商的技术人员坦率地指出，“ST-Ericsson和高通（Qualcomm）等平台厂商一直表示会‘尽力而为（As Much As Possible）’”。也就是说，“希望尽可能地支持LTE的所有频率”这一要求在业务启动初期就已经出现了。 <BR><BR>利用多模多频技术 <BR><BR>在解决LTE的RF电路问题的方法中，备受期待的是“多模多频技术”。在前端部分中采用事先嵌入支持多种方式和频率的电路，或是改变电容器容量从而改变带宽等技术。有观点认为，现已用于GSM和3G电路中的这一方法，在LTE时代会进一步扩大导入。 <BR><BR>例如，在功率放大器中，可以通过单个封装或单个模块来实现多种方式和频带的信号放大。关于多模多频（MMMB）功率放大器，芬兰诺基亚以前就为了降低成本而表现出了积极的采用态度。因此，目前在3G用功率放大器中出现了MMMB型。这种趋势将因LTE的普及而加速。 <BR><BR>在滤波器和双工器中，除了将多个部件模块化后进行使用的形态外，可调谐双工器等未来技术的话题也越来越活跃。此外，为了用一根天线覆盖多个频带，美国风险<a href="http://b.oecr.com/company" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">企业</a>等开发出了使天线匹配变得可调的技术，并且已经进入了实用化阶段。由NTT DoCoMo和村田制作所出资的美国WiSpry，以及美国Peregrine Semiconductor等企业就备受瞩目。 <BR><BR>虽然支持多数频带的平台不易建成，但反过来能够廉价实现这种电路的厂商，在下一代的平台厂商中将拥有较强竞争力。例如，前几天宣布收购了芬兰诺基亚公司手机用基带业务的瑞萨<a href="http://electronic.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">电子</a>，在功率放大器方面拥有较大的市场份额，因此这将又是一家积极推进多频化的厂商（参阅本站报道）。可以看出，这些厂商已经以将多频技术作为优势的LTE时代的到来作为机遇，投身到了需要掌握手机平台的竞争之中。 <BR><BR>LTE的RF电路较为复杂，为解决该问题而使用的技术，在之后的第四代移动通信（2015年以后）等时代中，也将起到较大的作用。或许将以“LTE面临的难题”为契机，产生出新一代的突破性技术。笔者认为，从这个意义上来说，必须关注全球的LTE导入动向和多模多频技术的进展。（日经BP社 记者：蓬田 宏树）</td></tr></table> <!--[diy=diycontentbottom]--><div id="diycontentbottom" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <script src="data/cache/home.js?eOg" type="text/javascript"></script> <div id="click_div"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="atd"> <tr><td> <a href="http://club.oecr.com/home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=click&op=add&clickid=1&idtype=aid&id=982&hash=1b9c05bfcbed91ec7f8bc9ead2aad445&handlekey=clickhandle" id="click_aid_982_1" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.href);doane(event);"> <img src="static/image/click/jidan.gif" alt="" /><br />鸡蛋</a> </td> <td> <a 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