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type="text/css"></style> <div id="ct" class="ct2 wp cl"> <div class="mn"> <div class="bm_haa cl"> <div class="bm_h cl"> <a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=rss&catid=57" class="y xi2 rss" target="_blank" title="RSS">订阅</a><h1 class="xs2">文章</h1> </div></div> <div class="kjkjb"> <div class="bm vw" style="margin-bottom:0;"> <div class="h hm"> <div class="zxtoux"><img src="http://www.oecr.com/uc_server/avatar.php?uid=54876&size=small" /></div> <h1 class="ph">研究团队在Sycamore量子计算机上开展了迄今最复杂的化学模拟 </h1> <p class="xg1"> 时间：2020-8-31 10:02<a class="zz" href="home.php?mod=space&uid=54876">作者：update</a> 阅读<em id="_viewnum">(798)</em> 评论: <a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=comment&id=8667&idtype=aid" title="查看全部评论"><em id="_commentnum">5</em></a>来自: cnBeta.COM</p> <div class="zxfb" ><a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=rss&catid=57" class="y xi2 rss" target="_blank" title="RSS">订阅</a></div> </div> <!--[diy=diysummarytop]--><div id="diysummarytop" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <div class="s"> <div class="ss"><div><span>导读： </span>不过今日发表于《科学》杂志上的一项新研究，就为具有指数级计算能力的量子计算平台，提供了一种新颖的系统封装方法。</div> </div> <!--[diy=diysummarybottom]--><div id="diysummarybottom" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <div class="d"> <!--[diy=diycontenttop]--><div id="diycontenttop" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="vwtb"><tr><td id="article_content"><div> 随着系统规模的增长，通过量子化学方程进行建模的计算复杂度也在迅速增加，因为这会导致量子变量的数学和统计量呈指数级缩放。对于现代的经典计算机平台而言，想要在量子化学方程式上得到让人满意的精确解，仍是一件相当棘手的事情。不过今日发表于《科学》杂志上的一项新研究，就为具有指数级计算能力的量子计算平台，提供了一种新颖的系统封装方法。</div><div><br></div><div><p style="text-align: center;"><a href="data/attachment/portal/202008/31/100351ah7cnhi7w07eaxer.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="data/attachment/portal/202008/31/100351ah7cnhi7w07eaxer.jpg"></a></p></div><div><br></div><div style="text-align: center;"> Sycamore54量子比特计算机（图自：GoogleAIBlog）</div><div><br></div><div> 谷歌人工智能量子团队在文章中称，其借使用了54量子比特位的Sycamore计算机，在上面开展了有史以来最大规模的运算，以寻求可为当前的量子化学模拟技术进行加速的新方法。</div><div><br></div><div> 尽管研究的重点是真实化学系统的哈特里-福克近似（Hartree-Fockapproximation），但本次在量子计算机上开展的化学运算量是以往的两倍，并且包含了十倍的量子门操作。</div><div><br></div><div> 为实现这一目标，研究团队借助了一款噪声健壮的变分量子本征求解器（VQE），其能够通过量子算法，对化学机理展开直接的模拟。</div><div><br></div><div> VQE的重要性在于，量子计算很容易产生噪声，从而导致计算结果不准确。</div><div><br></div><div> 本质上，该技术可将量子处理器视作神经网络，并试图通过动态最小化的成本函数来解决计算过程中的错误、并优化量子<a href="http://electronic.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">电路</a>的参数。</div><div><br></div><div> 据悉，Sycamore具有54个量子比特，由140多个可调节的单独元件组成，每个元件都由高速、模拟电脉冲来控制。</div><div><br></div><div> 要实现对整个设备的精确控制，需要对2000多个控制参数进行微调。即便是微小的误差，也足以在总计算结果中表现出相当大的偏离。</div><div><br></div><div><p style="text-align: center;"><a href="data/attachment/portal/202008/31/100408c7vimmordve4zy2o.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="data/attachment/portal/202008/31/100408c7vimmordve4zy2o.jpg"></a></p></div><div><br></div><div> 动用Sycamore10个量子比特位计算模拟出的结果（分子几何形状的能量预测）</div><div><br></div><div> 为此，研究团队特地使用了一套自动化框架，能够将问题映射到具有数千个顶点的图形上。其中每个顶点都代表一项<a href="http://theory.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">物理</a>实验，以对单个未知参数进行确定。</div><div><br></div><div> 遍历该图之后，我们可将设备的先验知识转移到高保真的量子处理器上，然后在不到一天的时间内完成模拟运算。结合其它纠错技术，可将错误数量级控制在极小的范围。</div><div><br></div><div> 基于此，谷歌研究团队不仅在量子计算机上运行了迄今最大规模的化学模拟，还提供了概念的证明——即当VQE与纠错策略结合使用时，该犯法能够保障量子化学模拟的准确性。</div><div><br></div><div> 展望未来，研究人员希望他们可在量子处理器上进行更多的仿真。感兴趣的朋友，可在GitHub上查阅本次实验的完整代码。</div><div><br></div><div> 研究的更多细节，可在《科学》（Science）杂志的《Hartree-Fockonasuperconductingqubitquantumcomputer》一文中找到。</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><p style="text-align: center; overflow-wrap: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(143, 143, 143); font-family: Tahoma, "Microsoft Yahei", Simsun;"><a href="http://www.oecr.com/data/attachment/portal/202008/26/102900rcqumq1efrr1eeyu.jpg" target="_blank" style="overflow-wrap: normal; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.2s linear 0s; font-family: 微软雅黑; text-shadow: 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</div></div></div></div></div><!--[/diy]--> </div> <!--[diy=diycontentrelate]--><div id="diycontentrelate" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <div id="comment" class="bm"> <div class="bm_h cl"> <a href="javascript:;" class="y xi2" onclick="location.href=location.href.replace(/(\#.*)/, '')+'#cform';$('message').focus();return false;">发表评论</a> <h3>最新评论</h3> </div> <div id="comment_ul" class="bm_c"> <p class="ptm pbm"><a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=comment&id=8667&idtype=aid" class="xi2">查看全部评论(<em id="_commentnum">5</em>)</a></p><form id="cform" name="cform" action="portal.php?mod=portalcp&ac=comment" method="post" autocomplete="off"> <div class="tedt"> <div class="area"> <textarea name="message" rows="3" class="pt" id="message" onkeydown="ctrlEnter(event, 'commentsubmit_btn');"></textarea> </div> </div> <div class="mtm"><span id="secqaa_qSQNiSCd"></span> <script type="text/javascript" reload="1">updatesecqaa('qSQNiSCd', '<sec> <span id="sec<hash>" 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value="true" class="pn"><strong>评论</strong></button></p> </form> <a name="comment_anchor_27665"></a> <dl id="comment_27665_li" class="ptm pbm bbda cl"> <dt class="mbm"> <span class="y xw0 xi2"> <a href="javascript:;" onclick="portal_comment_requote(27665, '8667');">引用</a> </span> <a href="http://club.oecr.com/space-uid-57751.html" class="xi2 xw1" c="1">LASER-YANG</a> <span class="xg1 xw0">2020-8-31 19:44</span> </dt> <dd>好多老朋友都不怎么来了。</dd> </dl><a name="comment_anchor_27656"></a> <dl id="comment_27656_li" class="ptm pbm bbda cl"> <dt class="mbm"> <span class="y xw0 xi2"> <a href="javascript:;" onclick="portal_comment_requote(27656, '8667');">引用</a> </span> <a href="http://club.oecr.com/space-uid-14846.html" class="xi2 xw1" c="1">becauseyou</a> <span class="xg1 xw0">2020-8-31 15:14</span> </dt> <dd>好多老朋友都不怎么来了。</dd> </dl><a name="comment_anchor_27655"></a> <dl id="comment_27655_li" class="ptm pbm bbda cl"> <dt class="mbm"> <span class="y xw0 xi2"> <a href="javascript:;" onclick="portal_comment_requote(27655, '8667');">引用</a> </span> <a href="http://club.oecr.com/space-uid-10691.html" class="xi2 xw1" c="1">donkey</a> <span class="xg1 xw0">2020-8-31 14:44</span> </dt> <dd>没人回帖。。。我来个吧</dd> </dl><a name="comment_anchor_27649"></a> <dl id="comment_27649_li" class="ptm pbm bbda cl"> <dt class="mbm"> <span class="y xw0 xi2"> <a href="javascript:;" onclick="portal_comment_requote(27649, '8667');">引用</a> </span> <a href="http://club.oecr.com/space-uid-50112.html" class="xi2 xw1" c="1">nonferrous</a> <span class="xg1 xw0">2020-8-31 11:44</span> </dt> <dd>占位编辑</dd> </dl><a name="comment_anchor_27646"></a> <dl id="comment_27646_li" class="ptm pbm bbda cl"> <dt class="mbm"> <span class="y xw0 xi2"> <a href="javascript:;" onclick="portal_comment_requote(27646, '8667');">引用</a> </span> <a href="http://club.oecr.com/space-uid-2020.html" class="xi2 xw1" c="1">dx</a> <span class="xg1 xw0">2020-8-31 10:44</span> </dt> <dd>嘘，低调。</dd> </dl></div> </div> 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